Clinical Updates
17 July 2008
Avian influenza in birds - update
It is the policy of NaTHNaC to post reports of avian influenza (H5N1) outbreaks in animals once they have been officially reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE).
The World Health Organization (WHO) has posted maps of the current epidemiology of avian influenza based on information from OIE and national governments. Maps delineating avian outbreaks by time period and geographic region can be viewed at: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en/.
WHO have also published a timeline of major events outlining both human and animal occurrences of avian influenza (H5N1) [1].
Asia
Bangladesh: Between 1 January and 18 May 2008, 222 outbreaks of avian influenza (H5N1) were reported in birds. Outbreaks have been reported in all six divisions of Bangladesh [2-4]. As of 11 June 2008, four outbreaks were still unresolved [4].
China: In March 2008, outbreaks occurred in chickens in a market in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province [5] and in chickens in a village in Basu, Tibet [6]. In June 2008, an outbreak was reported in ducks in a village in Jiang'men, Guangdong Province [7], which was later reported as resolved [8].
South Korea: On 2 April 2008, the OIE received notification of an outbreak of avian influenza (H5) in chickens on a farm in Yongji-myun, Cholla-Bukdo [9], which was later confirmed as H5N1 [10]. As of 20 May 2008, 33 outbreaks had been reported in Cholla-Bukdo, Cholla-Namdo, Ch’ungch’ong-Bukdo, Kangwon-Do, Kyonggi-Do, Kyongsang-Bukdo, Kyongsang-Namdo, Pusan-Jikhalsi, Seoul-Jikhalsi, Taegu-Jikhalsi, and Ulsan [11].
India: Between 1 January and 3 June 2008, 39 outbreaks of avian influenza (H5N1) were reported in birds in West Bengal. Three outbreaks, all beginning in April, were also reported in Tripura [12].
Japan: Between 20 April and 1 June 2008, eight cases of avian influenza (H5N1) in swans were reported to the OIE, four in Kosaka Town in Akita, one in Betsukai town and one in Saroma town both in Hokkaido, and two in Towada city in Aomori [13].
Pakistan: On 17 June 2008, the previously reported outbreaks [14] in North-West Frontier Province, Punjab and Sindh were declared resolved [15]. However, on 26 June 2008 the OIE received notification of a new outbreak of avian influenza (H5N1) in a flock of poultry on a commercial farm in North-West Frontier Province [16].
Viet Nam: On 14 July 2008, 15 new outbreaks of avian influenza (H5N1) in birds were reported to the OIE. The outbreaks occurred between 22 April and 24 June 2008 in the provinces of Can Tho, Ha Tinh, Kien Giang, Long An, Nghe An, Quang Ngai, Son La, Tra Vinh, and Vinh Long [17].
Europe
Russia: On 11 April 2008, an outbreak of avian influenza (H5N1) was reported in poultry in a village in Ussuriysk, Primorkiy Kray [18].
Switzerland: On 31 March 2008, the OIE received notification of one case of avian influenza (H5N1) in a duck identified during routine surveillance in February 2008. The duck was not displaying clinical symptoms at the time of testing and no further cases have been identified [19].
Turkey: An outbreak of avian influenza (H5N1) in backyard chickens in Edirne was reported on 18 March 2008 [20] and has subsequently been resolved [21].
North Africa and the Middle East
Egypt: As of 7 July 2008, 1,047 outbreaks of avian influenza (H5N1) have been reported in Egypt since the first case in February 2006. On 7 July 2008, the OIE received notification that avian influenza (H5N1) is now considered endemic in Egypt with 113 outbreaks recorded as unresolved [22].
Disease free countries
The following countries have issued their final report to the OIE after a gap of three or more months since the last registered case:
Benin, as of 30 April 2008 [23]
Israel, as of 8 April 2008 [24]
Myanmar, as of 20 April 2008 [25]
Poland, as of 31 March 2008 [26]
Romania, as of 26 March 2008 [27]
Saudi Arabia, as of 30 April 2008 [28]
Thailand, as of 25 April 2008 [29]
Advice for travellers
There remain no restrictions for travel to countries that have been infected with avian influenza. Nevertheless, travellers should exercise precautions detailed in the NaTHNaC Health Information Sheet on Avian Influenza.
References
1. World Health Organization. H5N1 avian influenza: Timeline of major events. [Accessed 11 March 2008]. Available at: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/ai_timeline/en/in
2. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Bangladesh, Follow up report number 5, 16 March 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000006904_20080316_184445.pdf
3. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Bangladesh, Follow up report number 6, 24 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000006999_20080424_142725.pdf
4. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Bangladesh, Follow up report number 7, 11 June 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007107_20080611_121734.pdf
5. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: China, Follow up report number 12, 16 March 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000006905_20080316_184541.pdf
6. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: China, Follow up report number 13, 7 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000006945_20080408_163216.pdf
7. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: China, Immediate notification, 20 June 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_imm_0000007136_20080620_145049.pdf
8. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: China, Follow up report number 1, 14 July 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007195_20080714_150103.pdf
9. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: South Korea, Immediate notification, 2 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_imm_0000006934_20080402_162348.pdf
10. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: South Korea, Follow up report number 1, 4 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000006938_20080404_121508.pdf
11. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: South Korea, Follow up report number 4, 20 May 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007050_20080521_174453.pdf
12. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: India, Follow up report number 5, 3 June 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007033_20080603_155412.pdf
13. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Japan, Follow up report number 4, 1 June 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007082_20080602_170028.pdf
14. National Travel Health Network and Centre. Avian influenza in birds – update, Clinical Update, 17 March 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.nathnac.org/pro/clinical_updates/flu_170308.htm
15. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Pakistan, Follow up report number 13, 17 June 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007125_20080617_121359.pdf
16. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Pakistan, Immediate notification, 26 June 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_imm_0000007146_20080626_142343.pdf
17. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Vietnam, Follow up report number 20, 14 July 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/public.php?page=weekly_report_index&admin=0
18. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Russia, Follow up report number 7, 11 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000006957_20080411_155116.pdf
19. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Switzerland, Immediate notification, 31 March 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_imm_0000006917_20080331_092338.pdf
20. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Turkey, Immediate notification, 18 March 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_imm_0000006907_20080318_173727.pdf
21. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Turkey, Follow up report number 2, 14 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000006960_20080414_181819.pdf
22. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Egypt, Follow up report number 7, 7 July 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/downld/AVIAN%20INFLUENZA/Egypt_followup
23. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Benin, Follow up report number 7, 30 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007010_20080501_115627.pdf
24. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Israel, Follow up report number 2, 8 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007027_20080408_184659.pdf
25. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Myanmar, Follow up report number 4, 20 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000006985_20080420_181954.pdf
26. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Poland, Follow up report number 9, 11 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007023_20080411_183134.pdf
27. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Romania, Follow up report number 2, 31 March 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007025_20080331_184016.pdf
28. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Saudi Arabia, Follow up report number 3, 11 May 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007017_20080511_111709.pdf
29. World Organisation for Animal Health. Update on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Animals: Thailand, Follow up report number 5, 5 April 2008. [Accessed 16 July 2008]. Available at: http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/reports/en_fup_0000007142_20080425_175248.pdfDisclaimer | Copyright | Privacy | Sitemap | Accessibility