Clinical Updates
21 September 2005 Printable (pdf) version
Assessing yellow fever risk for travellers
Scientists at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in consultation with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) have undertaken to more clearly define the yellow fever endemic zones according to up-to-date epidemiological data. This has resulted in a change to their yellow fever endemic zone maps.
(http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/
ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=yellowfever.htm)
For most countries, CDC and WHO determinations of yellow fever disease risk are the same; for a few countries they differ slightly.
The following countries are now considered as holo -endemic by CDC:
- Mauritania
- Mali
- Niger
- Chad
- Somalia
- Sudan
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
In addition, the following areas are now considered as endemic by CDC:
- Cape Verde islands
- Argentina - northern and north-eastern forested regions, and Iguaçu Falls
- Paraguay - forested areas of the east and west
Both the disease risk to the traveller and vaccination certificate requirements must be considered when determining a traveller’s need for yellow fever vaccine.
NaTHNaC recommends using the CDC maps for determining the risk of yellow fever for travellers. Yellow fever vaccine should be considered for all travel to YF endemic areas.
The WHO country listings should be consulted when advising on the requirements for yellow fever vaccination under International Health Regulations.
Links
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health Information for International Travel, 2005-2006.
http://wwwn.cdc.gov/travel/contentYellowBook.aspx
World Health Organization. International Travel and Health 2005. http://www.who.int/ith/en/
NaTHNaC Yellow fever information sheet.
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