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Antigua and Barbuda
Welcome to the NaTHNaC Country Information page.
The information on this page should be used as part of a comprehensive pre-travel health consultation. Ideally this should be scheduled at least six weeks prior to travel. All travellers should have adequate travel health insurance.
Contents
Current Health and Security Information
Some health risks apply to travellers to all countries. Please see below for a list of important health information sheets. A full list of information sheets is available through the Health Information Sheets link on the left hand side of the page.
Health Professionals |
Travellers |
Travellers should be up to date with routinely recommended vaccinations according to the UK schedule:
- NHS Immunisation Information
- Department of Health Immunisation Against Infectious Disease (Green book)
Yellow Fever
Administration of yellow fever vaccine should take into account both the certificate requirements under International Health Regulations and the risk of yellow fever at the destination. The lack of a certificate requirement does not necessarily indicate that there is no risk of disease.
YELLOW FEVER
Yellow fever is a systemic viral disease.
Risk assessment
- There is no risk of yellow fever in this country, however, there is a certificate requirement.
Certificate requirements
- In accordance with International Health Regulations, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers aged 1 year and over coming from countries with a risk of yellow fever transmission.
Resources
Additional Risks
Travellers should be up to date with routinely recommended vaccinations according to the UK schedule:
- NHS Immunisation Information
- Department of Health Immunisation Against Infectious Disease (Green book)
The diseases below may be a risk in all or part of the country and are presented alphabetically: Hepatitis A is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis B is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the liver and may lead to chronic complications. NaTHNaC Health Information Sheet on Hepatitis B Department of Health Immunisation Against Infectious Disease (Green Book) Rabies is a neurological disease caused by viruses of the Lyssavirus genus. NaTHNaC Health Information Sheet on Rabies Department of Health. Immunisation Against Infectious Disease (Green Book) Tetanus is caused by a toxin released from Clostridium tetani bacteria. NaTHNaC Health Information Sheet on Tetanus Department of Health Immunisation Against Infectious Disease (Green Book)
Hepatitis A,
Hepatitis B,
HEPATITIS A
Risk assessment
Risk management
Resources
HEPATITIS B
Risk assessment
Risk management
Resources
Health Professionals
Travellers
RABIES
Risk assessment
Risk management
Resources
Health Professionals
Travellers
TETANUS
Risk assessment
Risk management
Resources
Health Professionals
Travellers
Additional Risks
This section details infectious disease risks for which there are no vaccines as well as some non-infectious disease risks. This is not an exhaustive list. Further information about infectious and non-infectious disease risks can be found on the NaTHNaC Health Information Sheets. Travellers should be aware that accidents and injuries are a cause of serious illness during travel.
The risks below may be a risk in all or part of the country and are presented alphabetically:
Dengue fever,
DENGUE FEVER
Dengue is a systemic viral disease. View a map showing the global areas at risk for dengue here (0.5MB PDF).
Risk assessment
- EpidemiologyInformation on the occurrence of disease within this country - Dengue is known or presumed to occur in this country.
- ExposureInformation on the mode of transmission and factors that may increase disease risk - Dengue is transmitted via the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti mosquito. Aedes mosquitoes feed predominantly during daylight hours. All travellers to dengue areas are at risk.
Risk management
- Travellers should take mosquito bite avoidance measures. Aedes mosquitoes feed predominantly during daylight hours.
- There is no vaccination or medication to prevent dengue.
- A previous dengue illness with one of the four dengue virus serotypes does not confer immunity to other virus serotypes.
- Infection with a second dengue serotype may be a risk factor for the development of dengue haemorrhagic fever.
Resources
Health Professionals |
Travellers |
SCHISTOSOMIASIS
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic flatworm infection of the intestinal or urinary system caused by one of several species of Schistosoma.
Risk assessment
- EpidemiologyInformation on the occurrence of disease within this country - Schistosoma mansoni (intestinal) is present in this country. Travellers are at very low risk.
- ExposureInformation on the mode of transmission and factors that may increase disease risk - Schistosomiasis is transmitted through exposure to fresh water streams, rivers or lakes during activities such as wading, swimming, bathing or washing clothes. Schistosoma larvae are released from infected freshwater snails and penetrate intact skin to establish infection.
Risk management
- Travellers should avoid wading, swimming, or bathing in fresh water.
- Swimming in chlorinated water or sea water is not a risk for schistosomiasis.
- Topical application of insect repellent before exposure to water, or towel drying after accidental exposure to schistosomiasis are not reliable in preventing infection.
- There is no vaccine or tablets to prevent schistosomiasis.
- Travellers who may have been exposed to schistosomiasis should have a medical assessment.
Resources
Health Professionals |
Travellers |
The travel health information contained in these pages is intended for health professionals who assess a patient’s travel health needs. This document is not a complete medical guide for travellers and as such travellers using this site should consult with a health professional for specific information related to your travel and medical history. While every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the travel health information, NaTHNaC cannot accept any liability for injury, loss or damage arising in any respect of any statement contained therein.
For the purpose of these web pages the term "country" covers countries, territories and areas. Areas within a country may be shown separately where it is felt necessary in order to provide travel health information.
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